Zionism.
"Zionism" derives its name from "Zion," (pronounced "Tzyion" in Hebrew) a hill in Jerusalem and represents the movement to create a permanent home for the Jewish people. The term "Zionism" was apparently coined in 1891 by the Austrian publicist Nathan Birnbaum, to describe the new ideology. It is also used to describe anyone who believes Jews should return to their ancient homeland.

The Zionist movement was founded by Theodore Herzl in 1897, incorporating the ideas of early thinkers.
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Theodore Herzl

He wrote the book 'The Jewish State' which led to the first Zionist conference in Vienna in 1897.

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